The Qur’ân and Sunnah speak frequently and
emphatically about the fact that a worshipper who repents and asks
forgiveness for his sins will be forgiven and will not be asked about
those sins again. Ifact, Allah tells us that those sins will be
exchanged for good deeds.
Allah says: "Except those who repent and believe and
work righteous deeds, for them Allah will change their evil deeds to
good deeds, and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." [Sûrah
al-Furqân: 70]
Ibn Kathîr discusses the issue of evil deeds being changed to good deeds in his Tafsîr, saying:
There are two opinions on what it
means…The second opinion is that those evil deeds that have passed are
turned into good deeds by way of the true and sincere repentance itself.
This is because every time that person remembers what he had done, he
regrets it, feels remorse, and seeks Allah’s forgiveness. In this way,
the sin becomes an act of obedience. On the Day of Judgment, even if he
finds those sins recorded against him, they do him no harm and are
turned into good deeds on the page of his account. This is what is
established by the Sunnah and by the statements related to us from the
Pious Predecessors.
Here is the text of that hadîth:
Allah’s Messenger said: "Indeed, I know the last
person to leave the Hellfire and the last person to enter Paradise. A
man will be brought and it will be said: ‘Set aside his major sins and
ask him only about his minor ones.’ It will be said to him: ‘On a
certain day did you do such deeds and on a certain day did you do such a
deed?’ He will say: ‘Yes’, unable to deny anything of it. Then it shall
be said to him: ‘For you is a good deed for each of those evil deeds.’
Then he will say: ‘O My Lord! I did other things that I do not see
(recorded) here!’"
There upon Allah’s Messenger (peace be upon him)
laughed until we could see his molar teeth. [Sahîh Muslim (190)]
The human being, by nature, is prone to
err. This is why the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Every descendant
of Adam is oft to err, and the best of those who err are those who are
oft to repent." [Sunan al-Tirmidhî (2499) and Sunan Ibn Mâjah (4251)]
The Prophet (peace be upon him) also said: "If you
were to not commit sins, Allah would remove you and replace you with a
people who would commit sins and then seek Allah’s forgiveness, so Allah
could forgive them." [Sahîh Muslim (2749)]
Ibn al-Hanafiyyah relates from `Alî that the Prophet
(peace be upon him) said: "Indeed Allah loves the believing servant who
falls into trials and then repents." [Musnad Ahmad (605, 810) with a
weak chain of transmission]
Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalânî mentions this statement in Fath
al-Bârî with the wording: ‘The best of you are those of you who fall
into trials and then repent." quoting it from Musnad al-Firdaws from
`Alî.
Therefore, we must make ourselves upright and not pine
over our past faults. We must know that none of us are going to gain
admission into Paradise by virtue of our deeds, but only by Allah
encompassing us with his mercy and His grace.
The believer may very well at times be weak and
indulgent. However, he does not establish himself upon a sin and he does
not persist in his heedlessness. He neither despairs of Allah’s mercy
nor sees renewal as hopeless. Instead, he resolves himself to seek
Allah’s forgiveness and to follow up his evil deed with works of
righteousness. He knows for certain that Allah is the Most Merciful of
all and the best in forgiveness.
Allah’s mercy encompasses all things. Allah says:
"Indeed the mercy of Allah is near to those who do good." [Sûrah
al-A`râf: 56]
We should resolve, then, to be from among those who do good.
We must make it our habit to remember Allah, to thank
Him, and to seek His forgiveness, for indeed good deeds wipe away evil
ones. If we slip and commit a sin, we must make sure not to follow it up
with another sin.
Instead, we must hasten to what is good and wipe away
the effect of that evil deed from our slate. We must cleanse our
countenance of it and remove its pain from our souls.
The believer knows that he has no power on his own to
turn from sin to obedience, from heedlessness to awareness, and from
weakness to strength, except by the grace of Almighty Allah. Therefore,
we ask Allah, by his grace and generosity, to turn us towards Him by his
mercy, forgive us, and not to leave us to our own devices.
